Don't buy the first model year: we checked 263 of them

The advice is old and everyone repeats it. The raw complaint numbers appear to prove it, and that appearance is a trap. Here is what survives a control.

Everyone who has ever given car advice has said it: wait a year. Let someone else find the problems. Never buy the first year of a redesign.

It is repeated confidently and almost never with a number attached. We have twenty years of federal complaint records for 627 nameplates, and generation boundaries curated for 119 of them, so the claim is testable. Here is the test.

The short answer

The advice holds, but not for the reason the numbers first appear to show. First years draw double the recalls of last years, and 42% of them are flagged for unusual complaints against 8% of last years. The raw complaint counts look even more damning and should be ignored, because most of that gap is age.

The finding that looked too good

Take every model year in a curated generation and compare its complaint count against the median of its own generation. Sort by where the year sits.

Complaints relative to the generation median, by position in the generation First year of a generation: 2.06 times the generation median. Middle years: 1.00 times. Last year: 0.54 times. This comparison is confounded by age and is corrected later in the article. First year 2.06× Middle years 1.00× Last year 0.54× Complaints ÷ the generation's own median. 2,024 model years. Do not trust this chart.
A first-year car appears to draw nearly four times the complaints of a last-year car. It does. That is not the same as being four times worse.

Four to one. Case closed, headline written.

Except a generation’s first year is also its oldest year, and a complaint can be filed at any point in a car’s life. A 2016 model has had ten years to accumulate them. A 2022 model has had four. The chart above may be measuring nothing but the passage of time.

The control that broke it

If age is doing the work, then any year should draw more complaints than the year after it — not just first years. So compare the step from year one to year two against the step from year two to year three. Same one-year gap, same cars, but only the first pair straddles a redesign.

ComparisonMedian ratioShare above 1.0
Year 1 vs Year 21.32×67%
Year 2 vs Year 3 (control)1.28×69%

They are the same. An ordinary year draws 28% more complaints than the year below it purely by being a year older, and a first year draws 32% more. The first-year excess is four percentage points, which is noise.

So the four-to-one chart is almost entirely an artefact. If we had published it, it would have been wrong in a way that flattered the conclusion we wanted.

What survives

The way out is to stop counting complaints and start using measures that do not pile up with age.

Recalls are one. A recall is issued once, by the manufacturer, when they concede there is a defect. It does not accumulate quietly over a decade the way owner complaints do.

Flag rate is the other. This site flags a model year when its complaints run unusually high against that model’s own median — so it is a ratio, and the age effect largely divides out of it.

Share of model years flagged for unusual complaints, by position in the generation First year of a generation: 42% flagged. Middle years: 18%. Last year: 8%. First year 42% Middle years 18% Last year 8% 263 first years, 1,226 middle years, 183 last years. Model years through 2022.
Measured against its own model's history rather than against the calendar, a first year is five times as likely to stand out as a last year.

And the recalls, which point the same way:

Median recalls per model year
First year6
Middle years4
Last year3

Two independent measures, neither of which grows with age, both saying the same thing. The advice was right. The obvious evidence for it was not.

What this actually means for buying

The useful version is not “avoid first years”. It is that the same car is a different risk depending on when in its run you buy it, and the gap is large enough to plan around.

A redesign arrives. The first year is when the assembly line, the suppliers and the software all meet the public for the first time, and 42% of those years end up statistically unusual. By the last year of that generation, the same nameplate — same name, same showroom — is flagged 8% of the time and carries half the recalls.

If you want a particular car and can wait, the last year of its generation is the version that has had every problem found and most of them fixed. It is also, not coincidentally, the cheapest year to buy used, because the redesign that replaced it made it look old.

What we cannot tell you

There are no sales figures in any of this. A popular car draws more complaints than an unpopular one at identical reliability, and nothing here is complaints per car sold, because that data is not free and we do not have it.

That is exactly why every comparison above stays inside a single model or a single generation. We are never comparing a Camry to a Corolla. We are comparing a Camry to itself at a different point in its life, where the sales volume is roughly constant and cancels.

It also means this is a claim about populations, not about your car. A first year is more likely to be unusual. Yours may be perfectly fine, and plenty are.

Method

627 nameplates from NHTSA complaint records, 2005 to 2026. Generation boundaries hand-curated for 119 of them from manufacturer generation codes; nameplates without curated boundaries are excluded from every figure here rather than guessed at.

Flag rate and recall counts use model years through 2022 only, so that a year still accumulating its record is not compared against one that has finished. Generations shorter than three years are excluded, because a median needs something to sit in the middle of.

Every number here is reproducible from the model-year pages on this site. If you think we have got it wrong, the underlying figures are on each car’s page and we would rather hear about it than not.

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